board exam class 10th and 12th top questions 2025 board

bySumit Verma -
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 If you're asking for the top Class 10 board exam questions, here are some of the most common and important types of questions typically asked in various subjects. These questions are based on patterns observed in previous exams, but always remember to refer to your syllabus for specific details.

Top 10 Class 10 Board Exam Questions (General)

1. Mathematics

Topic: Algebra
Question: Solve the quadratic equation:
x2−7x+10=0x^2 - 7x + 10 = 0
Importance: This is a common type of question in algebra where students are asked to solve quadratic equations using factorization or the quadratic formula.

Topic: Coordinate Geometry
Question: Find the distance between the points A(2,3)A(2, 3) and B(6,7)B(6, 7).
Importance: Distance formula-based questions are very frequent, testing your understanding of geometry and algebra.

2. Science

Physics:
Topic: Laws of Motion
Question: A car accelerates from 0 to 30 m/s in 10 seconds. What is the acceleration of the car?
Importance: Numericals based on motion, force, and laws are commonly asked in the exam. Focus on speed, velocity, and acceleration calculations.

Chemistry:
Topic: Acids, Bases, and Salts
Question: Write the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide.
Importance: Understanding acid-base reactions and neutralization is a critical concept in chemistry.

Biology:
Topic: Life Processes
Question: Describe the process of photosynthesis.
Importance: Photosynthesis is a key topic in Class 10 biology, and it is often tested in both theoretical and diagram-based questions.

3. Social Science

History:
Topic: Nationalism in Europe
Question: What were the main causes of the French Revolution?
Importance: Questions based on the causes and effects of historical events are regularly asked.

Geography:
Topic: Resources and Development
Question: Explain the importance of sustainable development.
Importance: Topics related to resource conservation, types of resources, and environmental issues are highly relevant.

Political Science:
Topic: Federalism
Question: Explain how federalism is practiced in India.
Importance: Understanding the structure and functioning of the Indian government is a key area in political science.

4. English

Topic: Reading Comprehension
Question: Read the passage and answer the questions based on it.
Importance: This is a typical format where you’ll be asked to infer information from a passage, identify the theme, and answer factual or opinion-based questions.

Topic: Writing Skills
Question: Write a letter to your principal requesting leave due to illness.
Importance: Letter writing is an important skill in both formal and informal contexts. Pay attention to tone, language, and format.

Topic: Literature
Question: Explain the central idea of the poem "A Tiger in the Zoo" and how the poet presents the idea of captivity.
Importance: Literature questions often focus on theme analysis, character sketches, and the central idea of poems and stories.

5. Hindi (or any regional language)

Topic: Grammar
Question: Correct the following sentence: "Mujhe kal kaam hai, aur mai school nahi jaunga."
Importance: Grammar questions, including sentence correction and tense usage, are common. Mastering this section is crucial for language subjects.

Topic: Literature
Question: Discuss the character of the protagonist in the story "Madhav and the River."
Importance: Character sketches and analysis of literary works form an essential part of Hindi literature exams.

Bonus Tips:

  • Be Thorough with Your Syllabus: Some topics appear more often, like laws of motion in physics, photosynthesis in biology, or the French Revolution in history.
  • Time Management: In subjects like mathematics and science, practice solving problems within a set time to enhance speed and accuracy.
  • Revision: For social science, revise key dates, events, and definitions. In languages, focus on improving writing skills and grammar.

Would you like more practice questions on a specific subject or topic? I can share some sample questions tailored to that!

  

Class 12 Board Exam Questions (General)

1. Mathematics

Topic: Calculus

Question:
Find the derivative of the following function:
f(x)=2x2+3x−5x−1f(x) = \frac{2x^2 + 3x - 5}{x - 1}
Importance: Derivatives (both simple and complex) are a core part of Class 12 calculus and are frequently tested.

Topic: Probability

Question:
In a bag containing 3 red, 4 blue, and 5 green balls, one ball is drawn at random. Find the probability that the ball is either red or green.
Importance: Problems involving probability, particularly based on conditional probability and simple probability, are regularly asked.

Topic: Vectors and 3D Geometry

Question:
Find the angle between the vectors a=2i^+3j^−k^\mathbf{a} = 2\hat{i} + 3\hat{j} - \hat{k} and b=i^−j^+4k^\mathbf{b} = \hat{i} - \hat{j} + 4\hat{k}.
Importance: Vectors, dot product, and 3D geometry are key areas that are often tested in the board exams.

2. Physics

Topic: Electrostatics

Question:
Two charges +q+q and −q-q are placed at a distance of rr. Find the electric field at the midpoint between the charges.
Importance: Questions on electric fields, potential, Coulomb’s Law, and Gauss’s Law are common and often test conceptual understanding.

Topic: Optics

Question:
A concave lens of focal length 20 cm forms an image 15 cm from the lens. Calculate the position of the object.
Importance: Questions based on lenses and mirrors are frequently asked, especially involving numerical calculations.

Topic: Modern Physics

Question:
What is the energy of a photon of light of wavelength 600 nm600 \, nm? (Use h=6.626×10−34 J.sh = 6.626 \times 10^{-34} \, J.s and c=3×108 m/sc = 3 \times 10^8 \, m/s)
Importance: Questions on photoelectric effect, photon energy, and radioactivity often appear in exams.

3. Chemistry

Topic: Chemical Kinetics

Question:
The rate of a reaction is given by r=k[A]2[B]r = k[A]^2[B]. If the concentration of AA is doubled and the concentration of BB is halved, how does the rate of reaction change?
Importance: Chemical kinetics questions, including the effect of concentration on rate, are very common in organic and inorganic chemistry.

Topic: Coordination Compounds

Question:
Write the IUPAC name of the complex [CrCl3(H2O)3]⋅6H2O[CrCl_3(H_2O)_3] \cdot 6H_2O.
Importance: Coordination chemistry, especially IUPAC naming and isomerism, is an important topic for exams.

Topic: Organic Chemistry

Question:
Write the mechanism of the nucleophilic substitution reaction of 1-bromobutane with OH−\text{OH}^- (aqueous solution).
Importance: Organic reactions, including mechanisms and synthesis, form a major part of the exam and require a thorough understanding of reaction types.

4. Biology

Topic: Reproduction in Organisms

Question:
Explain the process of sexual reproduction in flowering plants with a labeled diagram.
Importance: Reproduction, especially sexual reproduction in plants and animals, is a critical topic in Class 12 biology.

Topic: Genetics and Evolution

Question:
Explain the different types of genetic disorders caused by mutations. Provide examples.
Importance: Genetics and evolution often involve theoretical questions, as well as practical examples of diseases caused by genetic mutations.

Topic: Biotechnology and Its Applications

Question:
What are the steps involved in recombinant DNA technology? Explain with an example.
Importance: Biotechnology, including gene cloning and applications, is increasingly being tested, especially in context with modern biotechnological methods.

5. English

Topic: Reading Comprehension

Question:
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:
“The modern world is full of distractions. People are constantly busy, rushing from one task to another. However, in the midst of all this, the ability to focus and stay present is more important than ever.”
Importance: Reading comprehension questions assess your ability to understand, interpret, and answer questions based on a given passage.

Topic: Writing Skills

Question:
Write a letter to the editor of a newspaper expressing your concern about the increasing air pollution in your city and suggesting measures to combat it.
Importance: Writing formal letters, essays, and articles is a key part of the Class 12 English exam.

Topic: Literature

Question:
Explain the theme of "The Last Lesson" by Alphonse Daudet. How does the story highlight the importance of language and education?
Importance: Literature questions often focus on themes, character analysis, and moral lessons from the prescribed stories or poems.

6. Accountancy

Topic: Partnership Accounts

Question:
A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio 3:2. On 1st April, A withdrew ₹500 at the beginning of each quarter. Calculate the interest on A’s drawings at the rate of 6% per annum.
Importance: Partnership accounting, interest on drawings, and profit/loss sharing ratios are vital areas tested in board exams.

Topic: Financial Statements

Question:
Prepare a Trading and Profit & Loss Account for the year ending 31st March 2024 from the following information:

  • Sales: ₹50,000
  • Purchases: ₹30,000
  • Opening stock: ₹10,000
  • Closing stock: ₹15,000
  • Expenses: ₹5,000
    Importance: Preparing financial statements is fundamental to understanding the basic principles of accounting.

7. Business Studies

Topic: Business Environment

Question:
What are the different types of business environment? Explain with examples.
Importance: Questions on business environment, including economic, social, legal, and technological factors, are frequently asked in the exam.

Topic: Principles of Management

Question:
Explain the principles of management as given by Henry Fayol.
Importance: Understanding the classical theories of management is crucial, as these form the foundation of the subject.

Conclusion:

These are just sample questions based on important topics from each subject. For Class 12, you should practice solving previous years’ question papers and sample papers to get a better understanding of the question patterns. Additionally, focus on conceptual clarity in subjects like Mathematics, Physics, and Chemistry, and writing skills for English and Business Studies.

Would you like more specific practice questions on any subject or topic?

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